IELTS в RBSM

IELTS урок 7 от RBSM

 

Ask to find the following phrases in the text and write them down.

 

1.      Среда обитания буквально тает  habitat is literally melting away

2.      Большие куски дрейфующего льда large chunks of floating ice

3.      Которое определено как which is defined as

4.      Глобальное исчезновение к концу  global extinction by the end of

5.      Ученые предсказывают  Scientists predict

6.      Понижение четко вызвано a decline clearly caused by

7.      Исследователи наблюдали  Researchers observed

8.      В дополнение  in addition

9.      Если существующий коэффициент  if the current rate

10.  Неопределенная судьба   The uncertain fate

11.  Высвобождает больше энергии releases more energy

12.  Искать средства к существованию  to seek sustenance

13.  Широкая картина доказательств  a broad picture of the evidence

14.  Плотоядные  carnivorous

15.  В соответствии с докладом  according to the report

16.  Широта (географическая) latitude

17.  Уязвимый   vulnerable

18.  Исчезать (2 синонима)  to disappear  / to extinct

19.  Зависеть от  to depend on

                              20. Численность примерно в  population of r

 

 Translate the following text, minding Grammar:

 

За последние годы исследователи наблюдают изменения в районе арктических широт. Большие куски дрейфующего льда буквально тают. Ученые предсказывают, что уязвимыми становятся в первую очередь плотоядные животные. Их ждет неопределенная судьба, если они не смогут найти средства к существованию в новых условиях. Численность их будет зависеть от последствий глобального потепления.

В дополнение, в соответствии с существующим коэффициентом температуры  потепления, следует отметить, что большинство живых организмов, которые определены как «уязвимые», ожидает полное исчезновение.

WRITING TASK 2

 

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

 

Write about the following topic:

 

Some people think that scientists exaggerate the Global Warming idea.  

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

 

 

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

 

You should write at least 250 words.

 

 

NAME:__________________________                                         Audio test:  

 

LISTENING PASSAGES

 

Smoking

Questions 1 - 8

 

You will hear a short talk about smoking. Fill in the missing statistics in the column to the right of the questions. The first one has been done for you as an example.

 

Example: 

The estimated number of regular smokers worldwide                                                                                                                                1.5 bill    

Q1	The number of smokers who say they can quit smoking
Q2	The number of cigarettes per day to maintain a minimum level of nicotine in the blood
Q3	The approximate number of people per year who die in the U.S. as a result of smoking
Q4	The number of people per year who die in the U.S. as a result of car accidents
Q5	The number of years that tobacco has been recognised as dangerous
Q6	The number of substances considered more seriously addictive than nicotine
Q7	The percentage of smokers who consider smoking to be pleasurable
Q8	The amount of nicotine inhaled which reaches the brain after 7 seconds of smoking

Questions 9 - 16

 

Listen to the second part of the talk and answer T (for True), F (for False) or NG  for Not Given Information in the column on the right. The first one has been done for you as an example.

Example: 

Non-smokers pay less for life insurance than smokers                                                                                                                               T     

Q9	Smoking causes the blood to become thick and sticky
Q10	Strokes and heart attacks are the result of blood clots
Q11	All smokers have a higher risk of cancer
Q12	The immune system kills cells which may become cancerous
Q13	Smoking increases the ability of the immune system to kill cancer cells
Q14	Smoking causes cancer in the same way as it causes heart disease
Q15	Smoking is the major cause of lung cancer
Q16	Babies born to mothers who smoke always weigh less

 

 

 

 

Text to follow while listening

 

Part 2:  Smoking - the risks to health

 

 

 

                                              известен               страховые                                              больше

The risks of smoking are so well-accepted that insurance companies make smokers pay more life

                                                                      Прямо пропорционален        

insurance than non-smokers. The risks are directly in proportion to the number of cigarettes

                     количество смол, которые содержит

smoked and the amount of tar they contain.

 

               вызывает  основные                   инфаркты    инсульты  рак                               

Smoking causes 3 major health problems: heart disease, stroke and cancer. The way in which

                 влияет     на инфаркт             инсульт       взаимосвязаны                         газы

smoking contributes to heart disease and stroke is closely linked - what happens is the gases in

 табака  заставляют кровь утолщаться     Кровяные клетки склеиваются, образовывая                                     

tobacco smoke cause the blood to thicken. The blood cells tend to stick together and can form a

бляшку.     бляшка заблокирует сосуд в мозге                          инсульт                   парализует

clot. If the clot blocks a blood vessel in the brain, the result is a stroke, which usually paralyses

     тело             бляшка заблокирует артерию сердца            инфаркт

the body. If the clot blocks an artery in the heart, the result is a heart attack.

                    рака      больше                                                                        одинаково иммунная          

The risk of cancer is greater for all smokers. In non-smokers and smokers alike, the immune

             работает                   клетки                стали     потенциально раковыми

system works tirelessly to kill cells which have become potentially cancerous. These pre-

                                          стать   раковыми        дальнейшими атаками токсинов

cancerous cells can easily become cancerous with further attacks from toxic substances. Since

постоянное курение серьезно влияет на способность                                          рак

constant smoking seriously affects the ability of the immune system to do its job, cancer,

особенно        легких          гарантированный              со временем

especially of the lung, is inevitable in all smokers given enough time.

      возможно             страшный риск                                                                      подвергают

But perhaps the most feared risks are those to the unborn. Women who smoke are subjecting

                                                                преждевременные роды   дефекты            вес тела      

their unborn children to a greater risk of premature birth and birth defects. Also, the body weight

     таких детей                            намного меньше нормы  В дополнение               вырасти

of these children is likely to be a good deal less than normal. In addition, they may grow up to be

низкого роста                                             проблемы в поведении         связаны

shorter than other children. Even a child’s behavioural problems may be linked to the smoking

привычка

habit of the mother.

 

                     сомнении о вреде курения                     сходите в больницу             половина 

If you are in doubt about the dangers of smoking, visit your local hospital. Almost half the

пациентов                       имеет болезни, вызванные или связанные с курением.

number of patients will have diseases directly attributable to smoking.

 

 

Key answers

LISTENING PASSAGES

 

SMOKING

Questions 1 - 8

Example:         The estimated number of regular smokers worldwide          1.5 bill

 

 

Q.1      The number of smokers who say they can quit smoking      4 out of 5

Q.2      The number of cigarettes per day to maintain a minimum level of nicotine in the blood    10

Q.3      The approximate number of people per year who die in the U.S. as a result of smoking    350.00

Q.4      The number of people per year who die in the U.S. as a result of car accidents     50.00

Q.5      The number of years that tobbaco has been recognised as dangerous         4

Q.6      The number of substances considered more seriously addictive than nicotine        0

Q.7      The percentage of smokers who consider smoking to be pleasurable          87.5%

Q.8      The amount of nicotine inhaled which reaches the brain after 7 seconds of smoking        1/4

Notes:

Q.4 The number of people per year who die in the US from smoking is 7

      times the number who die from car accidents. ( 350,000 / 7 = 50,000 )

Q.5 The question asks for the number of decades (a decade is a period of 10

       years) that tobacco has been recognised as dangerous.

Q.6 Since nicotine is now recognised to be the most addictive substance

       known, there can be no substances more seriously addictive.

 

Questions 9 - 16

Example:         Non-smokers pay less for life insurance than smokers         T

Q.9      Smoking causes the blood to become thick and sticky        T

Q.10    Strokes and heart attacks are the result of blood clots         T

Q.11    All smokers have a higher risk of cancer       T

Q.12    The immune system kills cells which may become cancerous          T

Q.13    Smoking increases the ability of the immune system to kill cancer cells     F

Q.14    Smoking causes cancer in the same way as it causes heart disease  F

Q.15    Smoking is the major cause of lung cancer   NG

Q.16    Babies born to mothers who smoke always weigh less F

Part 1:  Smoking - a dangerous addiction

                                                                                                _{знают                  опасности}

These days, most, if not all, people are aware of the dangers of smoking. Why then do so many

                    _{настаивают                                                                                                                    оценено (подсчитано)}

smokers persist with a habit they know is slowly killing them? It is estimated that there are now

         _{миллиарда}

1.5 billion people around the world who smoke.

           _{недавно                     сообщено                                                                                            бросить                не могут}

It has recently been reported that some 4 out of 5 smokers wish to quit but are unable to do so. It

_{кажется                                           уровень                                 необходим                          в крови          курильщика                 для того}                                     

seems that a minimum level of nicotine is required in the bloodstream of a smoker in order to

_{чтобы предотвратить              симптомы                                                                 равен                 вдыханию}        

prevent withdrawal symptoms occurring. This level, equivalent to inhaling the smoke from 10

                                            _{достаточно           предотвратить ломку            даже                    заядлого}                   

cigarettes a day, is enough to prevent withdrawal in even the most addicted smoker. So another

_{жизненно- важный                                                                                                               чем               нужно         удовлетоврить}

vital question remains - why do some people smoke more than is necessary to satisfy their

_{пристрастие}

addiction?

                                                  _{насчитывает                             около                         не предотвращенных}

In the US, each year, smoking accounts for approximately 350,000 preventable deaths - almost 8

 _{В 8 раз больше, чем общее                               солдат                              за всю}                                                            

times the total number of US soldiers killed throughout the entire Vietnam War. In that country,

                                          _{в 7 раз больше                                                чем погибающие в авариях       И все равно эта           ужасная}

smoking kills 7 times the number of people who die in car accidents. Yet even these horrifying

_{статистика       не достаточна                                                                               бросить} 

statistics are not enough to make the majority of smokers quit. Even though tobacco smoke has

               _{была признана                   4 декады         опасный                   канцероген                                    рак              легких}  

been recognised for 4 decades as a dangerous carcinogen, causing cancer in the lung and

_{разрушение                   тканей      и         органов                                                        остается                                             наркомании}

damaging vital tissues and organs of the body, smoking remains the most serious form of drug

                             _{во всем мире}

addiction worldwide.

   _{Недавнее исследование показало                                                          назвали                                                            удовольствием}                                     

A recent survey claimed that 87.5% of smokers reported smoking to be a pleasurable activity,

                                                                _{стимулирует                                         центры             мозга          Нужно только}            

and it may be that nicotine stimulates the pleasure centres of the brain. It takes only 7 seconds of

_{затяжек              одной четвертой                                     вдыхать       достигает          мозга                           желаемый}  

puffing for one quarter of the nicotine inhaled to reach the brain and have the desired effect.

                         _{постоянное                   достигаемое                                         ясно           слишком сильное искушение}     

Since the instant pleasure afforded by smoking is clearly too great a temptation for most people

_{сопротивляться                      кажется простым}  

to resist, the lesson seems clear - don’t start smoking.